Year of Rat starts the new cycle for the Chinese Zodiac. The cycle repeats every 12 years. By knowing the Chinese zodiac sign and the current age of a person, one can easily deduce the age of others when their zodiac signs are known. For example if a person of the Rat sign is 48 years old this year, then the possibilities for another Rat person would be: the same age, or multiples of 12 years younger or multiples of 12 years older. So if another Rat looks older than 48, then he or she could be 60, or 72 etc. Another example would be, the Pig is the animal immediately preceding the Rat (taking up the last place of the 12 animal court) thus one year older than the Rat. So a Pig person who is about the same age as the afore mentioned Rat would be 49 this year, and an older Pig would be 61, or 73, or 85 etc.
The order of the Chinese Zodiac is as follows: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Ram, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig. The story of this order is sort of interesting. There are many versions and the one I am told is that Buddha called for an assembly of all the animals and 12 of those responded. It was suppose to be a race of sorts, and the rat got a ride on the back of the Ox and leaped to the checkered flag at the last moment, securing the First Place finish.
It is common practice for traditional Chinese to post pieces of 揮春 (Fai Chun or Hui Chun) at entrances to invoke, ( or pray for ) fortune and luck. These are typically red banners or squares with writing of auspice on them.
I wanted to paint a red square with the writing of 福 (bliss) on it; I shall try to incorporate my Rat into this theme.
I thought of my Rat poking its head through a hole of this red square
Or my Rat holding the red square in its mouth
How about my Rat appears to climb over the red square to do some investigation
I think I like this composition the best. I shall proceed with this blue print in mind.
When I paint I often seek out everyday objects to facilitate my rendering of my subjects. I've seen self-taught painting guides instructing us to break down the human body into oblong circles for example. The head, the torso and the abdomen each assuming the shape of a circle or an oblong shape and that helps the person to construct the body. It is easier to draw circles and then add features versus starting out with intricate features and try to build the whole.
For my painting I envisioned a Concord pear
The pear will form the body of my rat, the stalk the limb
Then I would superimpose a triangle onto the pear; the triangle being the head
Voila, I have my basic design
I have used my heavily fibered Xuan (what I called the fancy butt-wiper paper ) before and I really liked the organic feel and the textured appearance the paper. I shall thus use that again.
I plotted the position of the red square and my Rat, and I lightly sketched out my critter with pencil.
Of course the Chinese Brush purist would scoff at my practice of sketching. To them I ask "Why Not". I am the painter and I do whatever I deem necessary for me to convey my painting. This is how I float my boat.
My Rat needs to be inquisitive and salient.
I got the idea of my Rat poking its head through the red paper from watching high school football players bursting onto the field through a huge paper screen. That impressed me as being energetic and possessing pomp. Such an auspicious theme is critical for the celebration of the arrival of a New Year. However one of the reason that I did not choose that arrangement is my fear of violating the auspicious symbolism.
I am reminded of a snafu a few years back causing a lot of ill will between the local Chinese community and the Regional Arts and Culture Council (RACC). The RACC had commissioned a sculpture to be installed in our Chinatown and the non-Chinese artist chose the proverbial Chinese Dragon theme; the dragon being a noble creature in Chinese culture and not the serpentine creature that St. George slayed. Chasing The Dragon was the resulting artwork. The metal art piece was installed on two raised platforms occupying the opposite corners of a street in the middle of Chinatown. The head of the dragon is on one platform and the tail is on the other; the body of the dragon was left to one's imagination. To support the head and tail of the dragon the artist constructed a tripod with a ring in the center which worked as harness. The artist also placed an abacus, a wok cleaning brush and a up turned wok as ornaments facing the downward pointing dragon head; he thought these articles represented the Chinese culture.
The Dragon, aside from being a mythological celestial animal in the Chinese zodiac, is also a symbol for the Emperor. Only the Emperor may don a robe with a Dragon motif. Thus the Dragon always assumes a fierce posture, with its head raised and claws flexed. Now this poor misguided artist was construed as to put a dragon (i.e. an Emporer) in shackles ( the metal ring at the center of the tripod used to anchor the dragon head) and committed a crime worthy of capital punishment if the Emperor was still around. Granted the Emporer, or any Emporer, is no longer a fact, yet the reverence is still valid.
Round mirrors found on buildings, doors, or sewn onto head dresses were used to stop and reflect back bad and evil energy in the Chinese culture. These mirrors could be flat, concave or convex. The notion was to distort and reflect bad feng shui. They are typically placed facing sources of bad energy, such as a street intersection or anything that is pointed or dirty, as in a pitch fork implement , a lightning rod or a broom .
People used to sun dry their laundry on poles of bamboo hoisted outside their apartments. People who live across the street from these set-ups might perceive that as bad feng shui and therefore place a round mirror outside their window facing these poles, as a means of directing the bad energy back towards the aggressor.
To direct a convex black surface, as in the bottom of a sooty wok towards someone is deemed the ultimate curse and jinx because it radiates bad energy. When transferring contents from a wok or cooking pan into a dish at an occupied dining table, one is reminded to never turn the bottom of the wok or the pan towards the seated occupants. It is considered to be very rude and impolite at the very least, and runs afoul of the possibity of bestowing bad luck on the ones who had to face the underside of these utensils.
I am sure the artist had no nefarious intents in his heart but his lack of understanding of the Chinese culture and his stereotypical interpretation caused a huge uproar by invoking two of the worst taboos. He put the dragon in a headlock shackle and to reinforce the insult by training the dragon head towards the bottom of a sooty wok. To fuel the divide, the city's Development Commission was proposing a re-branding of Old Town/Chinatown to "New Chinatown/Japan Town" at the same time. The local Chinese community vehemently opposed the proposal. Sometimes I wonder if the stars could really line up in a bad way. Honestly, this was a perfect storm and someone forgot to read his horoscope.
It is almost impossible for a non-Chinese to perceive the gravity of such violations, yet these are as real as the sun and the moon. There's nothing petty about it. The aftermath involved removal of the head and tail of the dragon, so only the abacus etc. with the tripods remained.
Alright, to return from my segue, some Chinese would invert the writing of 福 (Bliss) because the act of inverting (倒 ) sounds the same as 到 (arrive, having arrived).
normal orientation
inverted orientation, symbolizing Bliss has indeed arrived.
Our culture has so many latent rules and taboos that many label as superstition. Thus when you encounter an upside-down writing of Bliss you know that is done on purpose and not due to illiteracy. A rat poking its head through a paper that says Bliss could be interpreted as the animal disrupting or vandalizing Bliss. I might be over-thinking and being too cautious but I definitely do not want to be guilty of such an offense.
I painted in the areas that would show flesh color first. Thus the ears, the paws and the nose. I decided to forgo the Rat's right paw. I believe the composition as it stood looked better, and one could always make the assumption that the head was hiding the right paw.
I loaded my brush with titanium white, and dip the tip in a little bit of rouge, such that each brushstroke started with pink but the main body of the brushstroke was white.
Having taken care of the exposed areas, I started to write in the Rat's hair. The repeated writing of short lines was very helpful to my obsessive compulsive behavior.
Next came the eyes
Now I totally understand why Chinese places such importance on the "Eye Painting" ceremony in Lion/Dragon Dance or in Dragon Boat Races. The addition of eyes seems to bestow life to the lifeless object.
Time to add shadows and fluff up the fir on this animal
Write in the Chinese word "Bliss" after everything is dried
What remained to be done was to tidy up my Rat and add in whiskers.
